Gas Fees Explained
Why some Ethereum transactions cost more than others.
What you’ll learn
- •Gas measures how much computational work a transaction requires; gwei (a billionth of ETH) is the unit gas price is quoted in.
- •Total fee = gas used × gas price — two independently moving numbers.
- •More complex operations (swaps, NFT mints) require more gas than a simple transfer.
- •Gas price rises and falls with network demand, as users bid for limited block space.
- •Wallets show an estimated fee and let you trade speed for cost before confirming.
- •Flat gas fees hit small transactions disproportionately hard, which is a core reason Layer 2 networks exist.
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